基督徒受摩西律法約束嗎？基督徒要守安息日（星期六）為聖日嗎？基督徒可以所有的神明都拜嗎？以下的課程很長，但是讀者看完後就會明白這兩問題的答案都是“不”。謝謝您耐心的讀讀！
一。本課的宗旨：表明基督徒不受“十誡”（和摩西律法）約束。耶穌基督為全世界建立了一個新的誡命，就是《聖經新約》所記載的。事實上，很容易看出，基督徒的我們現今仍遵守“十條誡命”其中的九條誡命，但是我們遵守這九條是因為耶穌已將它們重新設立在他新的律法中（新的誡命中），絕不是因為我們受摩西律法約束。
二。“十誡”的價值：
A. 摩西把十誡記載在聖經里兩次：出埃及記20章以及申命記5章。請注意以下的分析而看清楚每條誡命都指明一個永恆的原則，如下：
1）出20:3；申5:7：誡命：除了我以外,不可以有別的神。 原則：只有一位___。
2）出20:4；申5:8：誡命：不可為自己雕刻偶像。 原則：神絕不容許人把___所該得的,歸給任何東西或人。
3）出20:7；申5:11：誡命：不可妄稱耶和華你神的名。 原則：敬畏神;尊重神的權威。神的名字是神___的。
4）出20:8；申5:12：誡命：當記念安息日，守為聖日。 原則：人需要休___;神容許人安息。神對人的時間有權力。有一些日子是神聖的。時間是神聖的。
5）出20:12；申5:16：誡命：當孝敬父母。 原則：在家庭里, ___ ___為首。在社會裡,政府為首。
6）出20:13；申5:17：誡命：不可殺人。 原則：人的生___是神聖的。
7）出20:14；申5:18：誡命：不可姦淫。 原則：婚姻和家庭是神聖的;結婚 前後不可以犯___ ___。
8）出20:15；申5:19：誡命：不可偷盜。 原則：人應以勞力換取所得。私有的財產是神聖的。
9）出20:16；申5:20：誡命：不可作假見證陷害人 。 原則：___理是神聖的。
10）出20:17；申5:21：誡命：不可貪戀。 原則：對人與他所擁有之物存善意。
B. 基督徒為何要研讀“十誡”？
1. 不是因為“十誡”是神給現代人的律法。
2. 乃是因為“十誡”建立在神永恆的原則上，建立在神永不改變的原則。耶穌基督的律法也建立在這相同的原 則上。
3. 因為“從前所寫的聖經，都是為教訓我們寫的，叫我們因聖經所生的忍耐和安慰，可以得着盼望” （羅馬書 15:4）。
4. “十誡”對社會來說也是重要的。任何一個遵守“十誡”的社會將會是一個平靜的，且愛好和平的社會。
5. 因此，我們研讀“十誡”是好的。我們要背誦“十誡”，且把它連接於我們的日常生活中。（但第四條誡命例外；基督徒敬拜神的日子是星期天。）
C. 基督徒不受“十誡”所約束，原因何在？ “十誡”本來不給於非猶太人或基督徒；“十誡”是頒布給猶太人，如以下的經文所說：
A）出埃及記19:3：“摩西上到上帝那裡去，耶和華從山上呼喚他，說：“你要這樣告訴雅各家，吩咐以色列人說…”。
B）申命記5:1：“摩西把以色列人都召了來，對他們說∶「以色列人哪，我今日講給你們聽的律例和典章，你們要聽從，要學習，要謹慎遵行”。
C）羅馬書第一章至第三章告訴我們，神創造人類時，神把道德觀（自然律）刻在人的心版上。這自然律等於跟“十誡”的第五至第十條一樣。神期待猶太人遵守摩西律法；神期待非猶太人遵守自然律。羅馬書2:12：“凡沒有律法犯了罪的，也必不按律法滅亡；凡在律法以下犯了罪的，也必按律法受審判”。非猶太人不受摩西律法約束，也不受摩西律法審判。但他們受自然律和道德觀約束，也會被這自然律受審判。
D）羅馬書2:13-15：“原來，在神面前不是聽律法的為義，乃是行律法的稱義。 沒有律法的外邦人，若順着本性行律法上的事，他們雖然沒有律法，自己就是自己的律法。 這是顯出律法的功用刻在他們心裡，他們是非之心同作見證，並且他們的思念互相較量，或以為是，或以為非”。大自然“夠”讓人們知道天上有一位創造天地、萬物、人類的神，且知道應該尊榮和敬拜他，及遵守自然律和自然道德觀。
E）使徒行傳15章，羅馬書，加拉太書等經文教導我們：在第一世紀，使徒告訴早期的基督徒，成為基督徒的非猶太人不受摩西律法約束。他們不必受割禮，不必守摩西律法等。
F）此外，基督徒都知道，為我們被釘十字架的不是摩西。宣布“我就是道路、真理、生命”的不是摩西。
三。“十誡”被耶穌基督的死亡和復活廢止了
A）歌羅西書2:13-14：你們因着過犯和肉體未受割禮，原是死的，然而上帝赦免了我們的一切過犯，使你們與基督一同活過來， 塗抹了那寫在規條上反對我們、與我們為敵的字句，並且把這字句從我們中間拿去，釘在十字架上。
B）哥林多後書3:10：“那從前有榮光的，現在因那超越的榮光，就算不得有榮光”。（是指摩西律法而言；請參看全章）。
C）西伯來書8:7, 13：“如果頭一個約沒有缺點，就沒有尋求另一個約的必要了. . . 上帝既然說到新的約，就是把前約當作舊的了；那變成陳舊衰老的，就快要消逝了”[新譯本]。
D）馬太福音5:17-18：[和合本]“莫想我來要廢掉律法和先知；我來不是要廢掉，乃是要成全。我實在告訴你們：就是到天地都廢去了，律法的一點一畫也不能廢去，都要成全”。”[新譯本]：“你們不要以為我來是要廢除律法和先知；我來不是要廢除，而是要完成。我實在告訴你們，就算天地過去，律法的一點一畫也不會廢去，全部都要成就”。[給現代中國人譯本]“不要以為我來的目的是要廢除摩西的法律和先知的教訓。我不是來廢除，而是來成全它們的真義。我實在告訴你們，只要天地存在，法律的一點一划都不能廢掉，直到萬事的終結”。（“…直到萬事的終結”或翻“…直到法律所教導的一切都實現”。） [普通話本]：不要以為我是為了要毀棄律法和先知的教導而來的，我不是來毀棄它們的，而是來貫徹和實現它們的。我實在告訴你們，只要天地還存在，律法的一筆一划都不能消失，直到所有的事情發生。” 最後兩個翻譯才是正確的。注意耶穌說：“直到”。耶穌並沒有說舊約律法不會廢去；他說“直到舊約律法所教導的一切[關於耶穌等事]都實現”它才會廢去。耶穌死在十字架上，復活，回到天上去後，舊約律法才“成全”了。因此，基督徒不受舊約律法約束；基督徒受耶穌基督約束。（從另外一個角度來說，摩西律法並沒有被“廢去”；它還在這裡！但是基督徒不受它約束。如果猶太人接受耶穌為基督和彌賽亞，他們也因此也不受摩西律法約束。）
E）請注意：讀者不要認為作者的意思是“十誡”或《聖經舊約》對基督徒無用！“十誡”和《聖經舊約》對基督徒的用處太大！《舊約》也是我們“腳前的燈，路上的光”。我們每天都可以查考和遵行。但是，還是那句話：我們不受《舊約》的誡命約束。基督徒受《新約》約束。基督徒——比方說——“孝敬父母”，不是因為摩西告訴我們要孝敬父母，乃是因為耶穌告訴我們要孝敬父母。（當然，連在摩西出生之前，人人都應該孝敬父母。）
四。基督的律法包括“十誡”的九條：誡命重複在新約里，如下：
1）誡命：除了我以外，不可以有別的___：誡命重複在新約里：馬太福音4:10; 22:37; 使徒行傳17:22-31; 哥林多前書8:5-6
2）誡命：不可為自己雕刻___ ___：誡命重複在新約里：使徒行傳17:22-31; 羅馬書1:22-23; 約翰一書5:21
3）誡命：不可妄稱耶和華你神的___：誡命重複在新約里：馬太福音5:33-37; 雅各書5;12
4）誡命：當記念安息日，守為___日：誡命重複在新約里嗎？不：神指示早期基督徒把敬拜神的日子改為耶穌復活的日子，星期天：使徒行傳20:7；哥林多前書16:1-2；啟示錄1:10。基督徒要“安息”，但是聖經沒有把星期日稱呼為“基督徒的安息日”。但是原則仍然存在：人需要休___；時間是神聖的。
5）誡命：當孝敬___ ___：誡命重複在新約里：馬太福音15:4-9; 19:19；馬可福音7:10-13，10:19； 路加福音18:20；以弗所書6:1-3；哥羅西書3:20
6）誡命：不可___人：誡命重複在新約里：馬太福音5:21-22; 19:18； 羅馬書13:9
7）誡命：不可___ ___：誡命重複在新約里：馬太福音5:27-28, 31-32；19:1-12；羅馬書13:9；哥林多前書6:9-20；哥林多前書7章； 雅各書2:8-11
8）誡命：不可___ ___：誡命重複在新約里：馬太福音19:18；羅馬書13:9；以弗所書4:28
9）誡命：不可作___見證陷害人：誡命重複在新約里：馬太福音19:18；羅馬書13:9；以弗所書4:25；哥羅西書3:9
10）誡命：不可___ ___：誡命重複在新約里：路加福音12:15；哥羅西書7:7，13:9；以弗所書5:3, 5；希伯來書13:5
讀者：歡迎您把這篇短文下載，複印，用在您的《聖經》班裡。
基督徒與十條誡命之關
出埃及記20章
Bible Study Questions: Christians and the Ten Commandments
Exodus 20
作者：謝德華 ©By Edward Short
本文所問的問題使用漢子聖經。
歡迎您把此文下載用在聖經班或私人學習。
A series of Bible lessons, written in Chinese
and based largely on the text of the Chinese Bible.
You may download and print copies of this lesson
for use in your Bible class.
World Christian Broadcasting
Franklin, TN 37067 USA
Christians and the Ten Commandments
Exodus 20
Are Christians bound by the Ten Commandments? Are we Christians to observe the Sabbath as a holy day? This lesson is a bit long, but by the time you read all of it you will understand that the answer to both of those questions is “No.”
1. Purpose of this lesson: To show that Christians are not subject to the Ten Commandments (and the Mosaic Law). Jesus Christ established a new law for the entire world, as recorded in the New Testament. In fact, one can easily see that we continue to observe nine of the Ten Commandments, but we obey these nine because Jesus made them a part of his new law and not because we are subject to the law of Moses.
2. The Value of the Ten Commandments:
A. Each command expresses an eternal principle:
1) Ex. 20:3; Deut. 5:7: Command: You shall have no other gods before me. Principle: There is only one God.
2) Ex. 20:4; Deut. 5:8: Command: You shall not make for yourself an idol. Principle: God prohibits giving his due to another thing or person.
3) Ex. 20:7; Deut. 5:11: Command: You shall not misuse the name of the LORD God; honor his authority. Principle: The name of God is holy.
4) Ex. 20:8; Deut. 5:12: Command: Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy. Principle: People need rest; God allows people to rest. God has authority over man’s time. Some days are holy. Time is holy.
5) Ex. 20:12; Deut. 5:16: Command: Honor your father and your mother. Principle: Parents are head of the home. Government is head of society.
6) Ex. 20:13; Deut. 5:17: Command: You shall not murder. Principle: Life is sacred.
7) Ex. 20:14; Deut. 5:18: Command: You shall not commit adultery. Principle: Marriage and the home is sacred; pre- and post-marital adultery is prohibited.
8) Ex. 20:15; Deut. 5:19: Command: You shall not steal. Principle: People should work for their compensation. Private property is sacred.
9) Ex. 20:16; Deut. 5:20: Command: You shall not give false testimony… Principle: Truth is sacred.
10) Ex. 20:17; Deut. 5:21: Command: You shall not covet… Principle: Maintain a good attitude toward people and their possessions.
B.Why should Christians study the Ten Commandments?
1. Not because the Ten Commandments are God’s law for modern mankind.
2. Because the Ten Commandments were established on God’s eternal and unchanging principles. Jesus’ law was also established on these same principles.
3. Regarding the Old Testament, we are told in the New Testament: “For everything that was written in the past was written to teach us, so that through endurance and the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope” (Romans 15:4).
4. The Ten Commandments are important for society. Any society that obeys the Ten Commandments will be tranquil and peace-loving.
5. Therefore it is good for us to study, memorize and practice the Ten Commandments. (Commandment No. 4 is an exception, as Christians worship on Sunday.)
C. Why are Christians not bound by or subject to the Ten commandments? Because the Ten Commandments originally were not addressed to Gentiles or to Christians; the Ten Commandments were given to the Jews, as we see from the following Scriptures…
1. Ex. 19:3: Then Moses went up to God, and the LORD called to him from the mountain and said, “This is what you are to say to the house of Jacob and what you are to tell the people of Israel…”
2. Deut. 5:1: “Moses summoned all Israel and said: Hear, O Israel, the decrees and laws I declare in your hearing today. Learn them and be sure to follow them.”
3. Romans chs. one through three say that Gentiles were under a moral code written on man’s heart by God at creation; this was equivalent to the last six of the Ten Commandments. God expected the Jews to keep the Law of Moses and he expected the rest of mankind to keep the moral law. Rom. 2:12: “All who sin apart from the law will also perish apart from the law, and all who sin under the law will be judged by the law.” Non-Jews are not subject to the law of Moses and will not be judged by it, but they are subject to natural law and the moral code and they will be judged by it.
4. Rom 2:13-15: “For it is not those who hear the law who are righteous in God’s sight, but it is those who obey the law who will be declared righteous. (Indeed, when Gentiles, who do not have the law, do by nature things required by the law, they are a law for themselves, even though they do not have the law, since they show that the requirements of the law are written on their hearts, their consciences also bearing witness, and their thoughts now accusing, now even defending them.)” Nature is “enough” for man to know that there is a God in heaven who created all things, to know that he should be obeyed and worshiped and that natural law and the natural moral code should be obeyed.
5. Acts 15, Romans, Galatians and other Scriptures teach us: In the first century, the apostles told the early Christians that those non-Jews who became Christians were not under (subject to) the Mosaic Law. They need not become circumcised and they did not become subject to the Mosaic Law.
6. Furthermore, Christians know that he who died on the cross for us was not Moses. And he who said, “I am the way and the truth and the life” was not Moses.
3. The Ten Commandments were repealed by the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ
A) Colossians 2:13-14: “When you were dead in your sins and in the uncircumcision of your sinful nature, God made you alive with Christ. He forgave us all our sins,14 having canceled the written code, with its regulations, that was against us and that stood opposed to us; he took it away, nailing it to the cross.”
B) 2 Corinthians 3:4-18, 10: “For what was glorious has no glory now in comparison with the surpassing glory.”
C) Hebrews 8:7, 13: “For if there had been nothing wrong with that first covenant, no place would have been sought for another… By calling this covenant “new,” he has made the first one obsolete; and what is obsolete and aging will soon disappear.”
D) Matthew 5:17-18: [Several Chinese translations are given: Union Version, New Chinese Version, Today’s Chinese Version, Putonghua Version. The alternate reading in the Today’s Chinese Version is also included.] “Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them.18 I tell you the truth, until heaven and earth disappear, not the smallest letter, not the least stroke of a pen, will by any means disappear from the Law until everything is accomplished.” The final two translations are correct. Note that Jesus said “until.” Jesus did not say that the Old Testament law would not be abolished, rather he said it would not be abolished “until everything [regarding Jesus, etc] is accomplished.” After Jesus was crucified, resurrected and returned to heaven, the Old Testament was finally “fulfilled.” Therefore, Christians are not subject to the Old Testament; Christians are subject to Jesus Christ. (Looking at it from another angle, however, the Law of Moses has not been “abolished” in that it is still here! Christians, however are not subject to it and if the Jews would accept Jesus as the Christ and the Messiah, they too would not be subject to the law of Moses.)
E) NOTE: The reader should not think that I am saying that the Ten Commandments or the Old Testament is useless for Christians! The Ten Commandments and the Old Testament is very valuable for Christians! The Old Testament is “a lamp to our feet and a light to our path.” We can study and obey it daily. However, as said already: We are not subject to the laws of the Old Testament. Christians are subject to the New Testament. For example, Christians should “obey parents,” but not because Moses said to do so, but because Jesus told us to. (Of course people were to obey their parents even before Moses was born!)
4. The Law of Christ includes nine of the Ten Commandments:
#1) Command: You shall have no other gods before me. Repeated in the New Testament: Matt. 4:10; 22:37; Acts 17:22-31; 1 Cor. 8:5-6
#2) Command: You shall not make for yourself an idol. Repeated in the New Testament: Acts 17:22-31; Rom. 1:22-23; 1 John 5:21
#3) Command: You shall not misuse the name of the LORD. Repeated in the New Testament: Matt. 5:33-37; James 5:12
#)4 Command: Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy. Repeated in the New Testament? No: God instructed the early Christians to change the day to worship God to the day that Jesus was resurrected, Sunday: Acts20:7; 1 Cor. 16:1-2; Rev. 1:10. Christians should “rest” but Sunday is not the “Christian Sabbath.” The principles however remain: People are to rest and time is holy.
#5) Command: Honor your father and your mother. Repeated in the New Testament: Matt. 15:4-9; 19:19; Mark 7:10-13; 10:19; Luke 18:20; Eph. 6:1-3; Rom. 3:20
#6) Command: You shall not murder.Repeated in the New Testament: Matt. 5:21-22; 19:18; Rom. 13:9
#7) Command: You shall not commit adultery. Repeated in the New Testament: Matt. 5:27-28, 31-32; 19:1-12; Rom. 13:9; 1 Cor. 6:9-20; ch. 7; James 2:8-11
#8) Command: You shall not steal. Repeated in the New Testament: Matt. 19:18; Rom. 13:9; Eph. 4:28
#9) Command: You shall not give false testimony… Repeated in the New Testament: Matt. 19:18; Rom. 13:9; Eph. 4:25; Col. 3:9
#10) Command: You shall not covet… Repeated in the New Testament: Luke 12:15; Rom. 7:7: 13:9; Eph. 5:3,5; Heb. 13:5
基督徒與十條誡命之關
Christians and the Ten Commandments
作者：謝德華 ©By Edward Short
本文所問的問題使用漢子聖經。
歡迎您把此文下載用在聖經班或私人學習。
A Bible lesson, written in Chinese
and based largely on the text of the Chinese Bible.
You may download and print copies of this lesson
for use in your Bible class.
World Christian Broadcasting
Franklin, TN 37067 USA
我學習以及思考“基督徒與十條誡命之關”這個問題很多年。我不記得我的資料都來自哪裡，但是有一部分資料和想法來自我以前的教授Dr. Thomas Warren。我記得他有時候會提到一本聖經版本，The Master Study Bible。I have studied for many years the place of the Ten Commandments in the life of the Christian. I do not remember where all of my material came from. Some of it came from my professor, Dr. Thomas Warren; and I recall that he sometimes referred to The Master Study Bible.