耶穌戰勝死亡、賜人永生的證據

JesusResurrection01 (2) (150 x 100)為什麼基督徒都應該相信耶穌從墳墓里復活了呢?有證據嗎?第一,耶穌在世時,他擁有超越死亡的權柄。耶穌叫別人復活,所以他自己復活並不讓我們驚訝。但是,有些人認為他們有辦法說明耶穌為什麼沒有復活。所以(第二)以下的大綱主要目的就是要回答那些學說。歡迎您思考思考。傍邊有一本聖經最好,使得您一邊讀短文,一邊查聖經。

1. 耶穌具有超越死亡的能力:

A. 主叫睚魯的女兒復活 (馬可福音 5:21-43;路加福音 8:41-56).
B. 耶穌叫拿因城寡婦的兒子復活 (路加福音 7:11-17).
C. 耶穌叫拉撒路復活 (約翰福音 11:43).
D. 耶穌無罪,不應該死 (羅馬書 6:23;使徒行傳 2:27).

2. 耶穌復活的證據:

A. 反對耶穌復活的學說(基督徒的回答)

一. “耶穌昏厥”學說:

a. 羅馬兵丁說耶穌死了 (馬可福音 15:39,44-45; 約翰福音 19:32-33).
b. 屍體“正常”就如一般的屍體 (約翰福音19:34).
c. 屍體有細麻布裹好 (馬太福音27:59).
d. 士兵用槍刺耶穌的肋旁。在墳墓他的情況會好起來呢或會變得更壞呢?(他有力量出來呢?
e. 心臟被刺入;他死了!(約翰福音19:34).
f. 耶穌在墳墓里,他怎麼可能把封住墳墓的大石頭滾開呢?
g. 剛“昏倒”的耶穌怎麼可能有力量擊敗幾位士兵?
h. 請解釋耶穌幾次向人顯現,一時在,一時不在,他從哪裡來呢? 往哪裡去的呢!(路加福音 24:1-27,28-35,36-49; 約翰福音21章; 哥林多前書 15:3-8).
i. 怎麼解釋使徒所看到,所記載的“主被帶到天上去了” (路加福音 24:51).
j. 如果耶穌只昏厥,之後他怎麼樣?去哪裡?住哪裡?怎麼沒被人發現呢?當他活的時候,大家特別注意他。如果大家認為他死了,但被人發現他沒有死,一定會令人暴動。

二. “認錯墳墓”學說:

a. 婦女認清墳墓,都看見安放耶穌的地方。他們坐在墳墓的對面。(馬太福音 27:61; 馬可福音 15:47; 路加福音 23:55).
b. 墳墓是約瑟的。難道他不知道自己的地在什麼地方嗎? (馬太福音 27:57-60; 馬可福音 15:42-46; 路加福音 23:50-55; 約翰福音 19:38-42).
c. 奇怪!使徒和門徒往墳墓去時,他們都去同一個“錯的”墳墓!(約翰福音 20:1-4).
d. 天使也在“錯的”墳墓,連天使都對墳墓辨別不清嗎?

三. “某人把耶穌的屍體偷走”學說:

a. 耶穌的門徒偷走屍體:

1. 猶太人是這樣說的 (馬太福音 28:11-15). 我們看得出來,說這話的人自己不相信此說法。
2. 耶穌的門徒並沒有想到耶穌要死要復活
a. 女門徒 (路加福音 23:56; 馬可福音 16:1-3).
b. 男門徒 (馬太福音 16:21-23; 路加福音 24:10-11,36-41; 約翰福音 20:9).
3. 耶穌被釘死十字架後,門徒絕望了 (約翰福音 21:3).
4. 兵士看守墳墓為了不讓任何人把身體偷走 (馬太福音27:62-66).
5. 墳墓閉了之後,兵士用大石頭封住 (馬太福音 27:66).
6. 如果耶穌的門徒偷去了身體,之後他們會不會為此事(此謊言,此捏造之事)犧牲生命呢? 使徒行傳4:1-37; 7:1-60; 12:1-3; 22:1-30).

b. 耶穌的“敵人”偷走屍體:

1. 耶穌的敵人怎麼可能偷屍體呢?為了什麼目的?猶太人和羅馬人儘可能的讓耶穌身體留在墳墓裡頭 (馬太福音 27:62-66).
2. 如果他們偷身體,就會產生謊言,說耶穌復活了,就是他們最想阻礙的事!
3. 兵士看守
4. 石頭封墳墓
5. 如果他們偷走了屍體,到了五旬節時,當彼得站起來講道說“耶穌復活了”這句話時,猶太人必定把耶穌的身體拿出來給眾人看,證明彼得的不對,叫彼得住口不言。猶太人的無聲也是一種喊叫,說“耶穌復活了!”

四. “耶穌精神”學說:

a. 意思是耶穌沒有復活,但他是個好人,是位英雄,他的門徒以他的精神為精神;他的“靈”住在門徒們的心裡。
b. 可是,顯而易見的是新約聖經的作者,耶穌的門徒,早期的基督徒都深信耶穌復活了,相信他從墳墓里走出來的!門徒聽見耶穌說話,看見他,摸他的身體 (路加福音 24:36-43; 約翰福音 20:24-29; 21:1-14).

五. “耶穌的門徒看見了幻像(或異像)”學說:

a. 墳墓是空的,如果門徒只是看到異像,身體還會在墳墓裡頭。屍體在哪裡呢? 猶太人會花很多錢找到耶穌的屍體!
b. 門徒都相信耶穌復活了。為了此信仰他們犧牲了生命。
c. 奇怪!所有看見異像的人都看見了同樣的異像。(哥林多前書15:3-8).
d. 奇怪!50天後“異像”停止了,不再出現了。(例外:保羅看見主耶穌)

B. 我們為什麼相信耶穌基督從死里復活了?

1. 耶穌自己講的道,講的預言,說的話,說他要死,要復活 (馬太福音 16:21-23).
2. 耶穌的墳墓是空的 (馬太福音 28:5-6; 馬可福音 16:6; 路加福音 24:5-6; 約翰福音 20:2,6-8,12; 使徒行轉2:24,29-32; 7:31).(本課已經談到空的墳墓)
3. 使徒,門徒和耶穌家人生命上並信仰上的大轉變他們由不相信轉變為相信;他們由否認耶穌,逃跑改為為耶穌說話。證明他的復活,傳揚他的福音,為他接受逼迫!

a. 門徒沒有想到耶穌會復活

1. 家人認為他發瘋了 (馬可福音 3:21).
2. 門徒預料不到他要復活 (馬太福音16:21-23).
3. 當兵士來下手時,門徒都逃跑了 (馬太福音 26:56; 馬可福音 14:50-51).

b. 講道詞證明使徒深信耶穌復活了

1. 使徒行傳 2:14-39; 17:22-31; 26:1-29
2. 羅馬書 1:1-5; 哥林多前書 15:1-11

c. 使徒,門徒,很多基督徒為耶穌的名,為信仰耶穌的復活都接受逼迫

1. 拘捕彼得,約翰 (使徒行轉 4章).
2. 用石頭打死司提反 (使徒行轉 7章).
3. 把約翰的哥哥雅各殺了(使徒行轉 12:1-5).
4. 保羅等基督徒在以弗所 (使徒行轉19:23-41).
5. 保羅所遇見的逼迫 (哥林多後書11:23-28).
6. 很多基督徒被殺 (啟示錄 6:9-10).

4. 基督教會的建立,增長和存在

a. 基督的教會從哪裡來的呢?如果耶穌沒有復活,誰要建立教會?
b. 1900年以來,教會不斷的增長?

5. 新約聖經的作者親眼見過復活的耶穌
這些見證人都說“我們相信!”

6. 猶太人的無聲(當五旬節並五旬節之後)
如果耶穌沒有復活,猶太人怎麼沒有去墳墓找出耶穌的身體來或花錢找到還活着的耶穌呢?如果猶太人真認為使徒已偷了耶穌的身體,他怎麼沒有站起來與彼得辯論此事呢?

結論:

“按照聖經所說的,基督為我們的罪死了;又按照聖經所說的,他被埋葬了,在第三天復活了”(哥林多前書 15:3-4). (請參閱馬太福音 28; 馬可福音 16; 路加福音 24; 約翰福音20; 使徒行傳2 等經文).

請討論以下問題:

1. 為什麼說耶穌的復活是基督教的基礎?
2. 討論一下聖經中關於復活的例子:

A. 舊約

1. 列王記下 4:8-37 書念婦人的兒子
2. 列王記下 13:20-21 沒有提及名字的人

B. 新約

1. 根據以前所學的課程:拉撒路、寡婦之子、睚魯的女兒
2. 馬太福音 27:52 耶穌死亡之時所發生的奇怪之事
3. 使徒行傳 9:36-43 彼得使大比大復活
4. 使徒行傳 20:7-12 保羅使猶推古復活

C. 這些人的復活和耶穌的復活有什麼不同?

1. 他們復活之後只是重新開始他們原來的生活。而耶穌復活之後則到了一個完全不同的環境。
2. 他們復活但是最終還是死了,而耶穌復活之後卻得到了永生。
3. 他們復活是人為的作為(人使用神的大能),而耶穌的復活是神的大能直接的事工。
4. 他們應該去死而不真正值得復活,耶穌不應該死(因為他從未犯過罪)所以值得復活。

3. 閱讀並討論哥林多前書 15:

A. 1-8節:討論耶穌的顯現。為什麼這很重要?
B. 12-19節:討論如果耶穌沒有復活,基督教將會是什麼樣子?基督教還會成為一個很重要的宗教嗎?如果耶穌沒有復活為何還要作基督徒?
C. 19節:有人說即使耶穌沒有復活,他們還是願意過基督徒的生活。保羅是否同意這個觀點?
D. 50-58節:基督徒是否應該像非基督徒那樣懼怕死亡?

4. 從耶穌基督的復活中我們可以學到什麼?

A. 死亡並不是我們存在的結束。
B. 遭受苦難並不是發生在我們身上最壞的事。
C. 我們也復活了。(使徒行傳 17:31)


以上的資料和說法是基督徒用來證實我們的信仰——就是耶穌基督的復活。很多作者已寫了類似的話——都是讓慕道者知道我們的信仰是合理的,是有根有基的。歡迎您多多地參考——多明白耶穌是誰!(編輯後記:耶穌從死里復活值得學習、思考、相信,不單單因為他是事實,也因為耶穌應許信他的人有永生。但願您花時間好好讀幾遍謝德華的短文,慢慢思想。但願您也願意信耶穌,得永生。神叫耶穌從死里復活,不但向世人證實耶穌是第一位永生不死的人,也向人類宣告耶穌的應許人人可以得着,只要真心相信,誠實遵行神的真理。願神祝福您。)


SOME THOUGHTS IN OUTLINE FORM
ABOUT THE RESURRECTION OF JESUS

1. Jesus’ power over death:

A. Jairus’ daughter (Mark 5:21-43; Luke 8:41-56).
B. Widow’s son at Nain (Luke 7:11-17).
C. Lazarus (John 11:1-44).
D. Because Jesus was sinless he did not deserve to die (Romans 6:23; Acts 2:27).

2. Proof that Jesus was resurrected:

A. Theories against the resurrection (and the Christian response):

1. “Jesus fainted” theory:

a. Roman government pronounced him dead (Mark 15:39, 44-45; John 19:32-33).
b. His body responded as dead bodies respond (John 19:34).
c. His corpse was wrapped (Matthew 27:59).
d. His side was pierced. Would he have recovered in the tomb, or worsened?
e. His heart was pierced; he was dead! (John 19:34).
f. Could Jesus remove the huge stone from within the cave?
g. How could he overcome the guards, especially in his weakened condition?
h. How can one explain the resurrection appearances? Suddenly there; suddenly gone! (Luke 24:1-27, 28-35, 36-49; John 21; 1 Corinthians 15:3-8).
i. What happened to Jesus later? As big a fuss as was made over him, thinking he had risen, surely he would have been seen if he were still alive, and would have caused an even bigger disturbance!
j. How can one explain the ascension? (Luke 24:50-53; Acts 1:9-10).

2. “Wrong grave” theory:

a. The women knew the tomb and saw Jesus’ body taken to it (Matthew 27:61; Mark 15:47; Luke 23:55).
b. Joseph owned the tomb; did he not know his own property? (Matthew 27:57; Mark 15:42-46; Luke 23:50-55; John 19:38-42).
c. When the disciples visited the “wrong” tomb, strange that they all went to the same wrong tomb (John 20:1-4).
d. Why were there angels at the “wrong” tomb? Were they mixed up too? (Matthew 28:2; Mark 16:5; Luke 24:4-7; John 20:12).

3. “Someone stole the corpse” theory:

a. Jesus’ disciples stole the corpse theory:

1. This is what the Jews said (Matthew 28:11-
15). But obviously those who began this
story did not believe it them­selves.
2. The disciples did not expect Jesus to die or
be raised.

a. Women disciples (Luke 23:56; Mark
16:1-3).
b. Men (Luke 24:10-11, 36-41; John 20:9;
Matthew 16:21-23).

3. After the crucifixion the disciples were men
without hope (Luke 24:21).
4. A guard was set over the tomb to prevent
theft (Mat­thew 27:62-66).
5. The tomb was closed and sealed with a large
stone (Mat­thew 27:66).
6. Would the disciples / apostles have
preached, suffered and given their lives for
something they knew to be a lie and a
hoax? (Acts 4:1-37; 7:1-60; 12:1-3; 22:1- 30).

b. Jesus’ “enemies” stole the corpse theory:

1. No conceivable motive. The Jews andRomans both did their best to keep the corpse inside the tomb (Matthew 27:62-66).
2. For them to have stolen the body would have begun rumors of a resurrection—the very thing they wanted to pre­vent!
3. The guards
4. The stone and seal
5. Had they stolen the corpse, surely they would have pro­duced it on the day of Pentecost when Peter began preach­ing that Jesus was resurrected. “The silence of the Jews speaks as loudly as the speech of the Chris­tians

4. “Spirit-of-Jesus” theory:

a. This theory says that the disciples were so
impressed with the person Jesus they adopted his “spirit” as their own, he be­came their hero and their example. His “spirit” lived only in their hearts, but his body never left the grave.
b. But it is obvious from reading the gospels and the rest of the New Testament that the disciples believed in a literal resur­rection of Jesus from the dead. They heard Jesus speak, saw him, touched him and saw him eat (Luke 24:36-43; John 20:24-29; 21:1-14).

5. “Jesus’ disciples had a vision” theory:

a. But the tomb was empty. What happened to the corpse? The Pharisees would have paid any amount of money to re­cover the corpse if it had been available!
b. The disciples fully believed that Jesus was raised. They preached that Jesus had been resurrected, and gave their lives for their belief.
c. Strange that so many people had the same “vision!” (1 Corinthians 15:3-8).
d. Strange that the “visions” all these people had, suddenly ceased at the same time—50 days after they began!

B. Why we know Jesus was resurrected:

1. Jesus’ own teachings and prophecies that he would die and be raised (Matthew 16:21-23).
2. The tomb was empty (Matthew 28:5-6; Mark 16:6; Luke 24:5-6; John 20:2, 6-8, 12; Acts 2:24, 29-32; 17:31).

3. The great transformation that took place in the lives of Jesus’ dis­ciples / apostles and Jesus’ family members . . . they changed from unbelief to belief, from denying Jesus and running away when he was arrested, to being willing to die for him!

a. Did not expect Jesus to be raised; ran when he was arrested.

1. At one point Jesus’ family thought him out of his mind (Mark 3:21).
2. Disciples did not expect death and resurrection (Mat­thew 16:21-23)
3. Disciples fled when Jesus was arrested (Matthew 26:56; Mark 14:50-51).

b. Sermons indicated deep belief

1. Acts 2:14-39; Acts 17:22-31; Acts 26:1-29
2. Romans 1:1-5; 1 Corinthians 15:1-11

c. Accepted persecutions for their belief.

1. Peter and John arrested (Acts 4).
2. Stephen stoned to death (Acts 7).
3. James killed and others arrested (Acts 12:1-2).
4. Paul and other Christians rioted against (Acts
19:23-41).
5. Paul enumerates his sufferings (2 Corinthians
11:23-28).
6. Many Christians killed (Revelation 6:9-10).

4. Establishment, growth and existence of the church.

a. Where did the church of Christ come from?
b. Why has the church continued to exist and grow for some 2,000 years?

5. Gospel record and eyewitnesses in the whole New Testament. The entire New Testament is a document by people and about people who say, “We believe!”

6. Silence of Jesus’ enemies on Pentecost and afterward.
If Jesus did not come out of his grave ALIVE, why did the Jews not go to his tomb and bring his body when Peter preached that Jesus had arisen? If the Jews seriously thought the apostles had stolen the body, why did they not stand up and debate Peter? The silence of the Jews spoke almost as loudly on the day of Pente­cost as did Peter himself!

Conclusion:
The only conclusion we can make is that Jesus was resurrected from the dead, just as the Bible says he was. See also Matthew 28, Mark 16, Luke 24, John 20, Acts 2 and other Scriptures.

Questions for discussion:

1. Why is the resurrection called the foundation or keystone of Christianity?

2. Discuss Biblical examples of resurrection.

A. Old Testament:

1. 2 Kings 4:8-37 Son of Shunammite woman.
2. 2 Kings 13:20b-21 Unidentified man.

B. New Testament:

1. Per lesson outline above: Lazarus, widow’s son, Jairus’ daughter.
2. Matthew 27:52 Strange event at the deat of Jesus.
3. Acts 9:36-43 Tabitha, raised by Peter.
4. Acts 20:7-12 Eutychus, raised by Paul.

C. What is the difference in the resurrection of these people
and the resurrection of Jesus?

1. They were raised to resume their former life; Jesus was raised to a totally different situation.
2. They were raised but eventually died again; Jesus was raised never to die again.
3. They were raised by someone else (using God’s power); Jesus was raised directly by God’s power.
4. They deserved to die and thus really did not deserve to be raised; Jesus did not deserve to die (because he had not sinned), and thus deserved to be raised.

3. Read and discuss 1 Corinthians 15:

A. v. 1-8: Discuss the resurrection appearances.
Why are these impor­tant?
B. v. 12-19: Discuss what Christianity would be if Jesus had not been raised. Would Christianity be an important religion? Why be a Chris­tian if Jesus were still dead?
C. v. 19: Some people say they would want to live the Christian life even if Jesus had not been raised? Does Paul agree with this state­ment?
D. v. 50-58: Should Christians fear death like non-Christians?

4. What do we learn from the resurrection of Jesus Christ?

A. Death is not the end of our existence.
B. Suffering is not the worst thing that can happen to a person.
C. We will also be raised (Acts 17:31).


Over the years, many Christians have written material similar to what you’ve read above; I utilized their thinking. Our purpose is to express our belief in the resurrection of Jesus and to show others that our faith is based on solid reasoning.


說說耶穌復活的大綱
Some Thoughts about the Resurrection of Jesus
in Outline Form
作者:謝德華 By Edward Short

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