撒母耳記下22章：大衛頌讚神之詩歌
1. 撒母耳記下22章和詩篇18篇幾乎是一樣的。有些聖經學者認為此詩是大衛被立為王之後，但是和拔示巴犯罪之前寫的。
2. 可把這首詩歌分為三大部分，加上引言和結論。請用自己的話來形容五部分的內容：
① 2-4節：引言：
② 5-20節：
③ 21-30節：
④ 31-46節：
⑤ 47-51節：結論：
3. 雖然大衛王的詩歌很古老，但這詩歌是典型希伯來人寫的詩。以下的是希伯來人寫詩之寫法的簡介。（注意：如果您已讀過本作者寫的其他的舊約聖經教材，也許您已經看過這種資料。再次重複此資料積極地強調我認為這是何等重要。）
1) 希伯來人的詩相當於中國人的對聯；聖經的學者把它稱為“平行體”(Hebrew Parallelism)。恐怕大衛王不知道“平行體”這個詞，但是解《經》家Robert Lowth於1753年用“平行體”這個詞描述希伯來人寫詩的寫法。如果我們理解“平行體”是什麼，它會幫助我們懂得《聖經》內容， 特別是用“詩”來寫的那部分聖經舊約。詩篇，箴言，傳道書等。以賽亞書，耶利米書，小先知書都是“詩”或有部分是用“詩”寫的。
2) “平行體” (Hebrew Parallelism) 分為三種也就是三個主要的寫法，如下：
一）“同義平行體” (Synonymous Parallelism)：最普遍的平行體。前導和後導是同一個意思。後導重複前導。
二）“組合平行體”(Progressive or Synthetic Parallelism)：前導不完全，不完整，不單獨存在；它需要後導補充。
三）“反義平行體”(Contrasting or Antithetic Parallelism)：前導和後導是相對的意思。
4. 請自選撒母耳記下22章里的任何五節，按照以上所說的“平行體”的簡介來解釋。
圖片：考古學家發現許多陶瓷碎片。好的，有時候他能夠用膠水把一些組合起來還原為原來的瓦器，如油燈、水瓶、酒瓶等。但，大部分的碎片他就扔掉。此照片就是考古學家所扔掉的陶瓷碎片。地點是以色列的伯示麥。Photo ©Edward Short.
讀者：歡迎您把這篇短文下載，複印，用在您的《聖經》班裡。
2 Samuel 22: David’s Song of Praise
1. 2 Samuel 22 and Psalm 18 are practically the same. Some Bible scholars believe that David wrote this poem after he became king, but before he sinned with Bathsheba.
2. This poem can be divided into three major parts plus an introduction and a conclusion. Using your own words, describe the content of all five parts: Vs. 2-4 (introduction); vs. 5-20; vs. 21-30; vs. 31-46; vs. 47-51 (conclusion).
3. Although the poem by King David is very ancient, it is an example of typical Hebrew poetry. Below is an introduction to Hebrew poetry. (Note: If you have studied other books in this series of Old Testament lessons, perhaps you have had already been exposed to some of this material. The fact that I repeat it in this lesson indicates how important I believe this information is to properly understanding the Old Testament.)
1) The way Hebrew people wrote poetry is very similar to the way Chinese write “couplets” (such as are written on door frames at Lunar New Year). Bible scholars call this form “Hebrew Parallelism.” King David probably did not know the term “Hebrew Parallelism,” but Bible scholar Robert Lowth, in 1753, used it to describe the way Hebrews wrote poetry. Understanding “parallelism” helps us understand those parts of the Bible that are poetry, e.g., Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, etc. Isaiah, Jeremiah and the Minor Prophets are written in poetic form or include poetry.
2) There are three basic types of Hebrew Parallelism:
1- Synonymous Parallelism: This is the most common form of Hebrew Parallelism. The first clause or line and the second mean the same thing; the second line repeats the first line.
2- Progressive or Synthetic Parallelism: The first line is incomplete and does not stand alone; the first line supplements the second line.
3- Contrasting or Antithetic Parallelism: The second clause (line or thought) gives an opposite meaning of the first line.
4. Pick any five verses from 2 Samuel 22 and explain them according to the introduction to “Hebrew parallelism” above.
Photo: Potsherds uncovered by archaeologists. Sometimes an archaeologist can glue pieces of potsherd together and remake the original item–an oil lamp or a water jar or a wine jar. Most of the potsherds, however, are thrown away. The photo above is a pile of discarded potsherds at Tel Beth Shemesh, Israel. Photo ©Edward Short.
聖經問答
撒母耳記下22章：大衛頌讚神之詩歌
Bible Study Questions: 2 Samuel Lesson Sixteen
2 Samuel 22: David’s Song of Praise
作者：謝德華 ©By Edward Short
本文所問的問題使用漢子聖經。
歡迎您把此文件下載用在聖經班或私人學習。
A series of Bible lessons, written in Chinese
and based largely on the text of the Chinese Bible.
You may download and print copies of this lesson
for use in your Bible class.